Ngā Tātaritanga Matua o te Tohatoha Mana Tauhohe mō ngā Huinga Whakaputa Hiko Tīhiera Ngaohiko Teitei e Hono Ana ki te Whatunga

4. Ngā Rerekētanga o te Pūnaha Whakaoho me ngā Mōrearea Hononga Whatunga me te Hiko ā-Rohe

Ki te whakaranua te whakaoho kore paraihe me te whakaoho paraihe, te whakaoho matū ā-wāhanga me te whakaoho whakahaere i roto i ngā waeine hono-pūnaha, ka hua ake he āhuatanga o waho kāore i te ōrite o ngā waeine, ka puta he nekehanga tohatoha mana tauhohe me te kore pumau o te ngaohiko; ko ngā rerekētanga o te aukati o ngā takai whakaoho o ngā waeine ngaohiko-tiketike ka hua ake hoki he au whakaoho kore taurite, ka hua ake he kore taurite o te mana tauhohe. Hei tāpiri, ina hono-pūnaha ki te mana ā-tāone (pūnaha mana nui, āhuatanga kore-heke), ko tehuinga whakaputa hiko tīhieraMe whakatakoto kia 3%–5% te hekenga pai, ki te kore ka "karekau he taurite" e te whatunga hiko, ka puta he raruraru pēnei i te whāngai anō i te mana tauhohe, te mākū o te AVR me te hinganga o te waeine; ki te kore e tika te tukutahitanga o te ngaohiko, te auau me te āhua i mua i te hononga whatunga ka puta he raruraru anō hoki i te pūnaha whakaoho, ka hua ake he kore taurite o te tohatoha mana tauhohe.

III. Ngā Āhuatanga Hapa Noa me ngā Tohutohu Whakatau Rapanga Tere

I roto i te mahi i te papaanga, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga hapa e whai ake nei hei kimi tere i ngā raruraru tohatoha mana tauhohe me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te rapurongoā:

• Āhuatanga 1: He nui te mana tauhohe o tētahi waeine, ā, he iti te tauwehenga mana (hei tauira, 0.7), ko tētahi atu waeine he iti te mana tauhohe, ā, he nui te tauwehenga mana (hei tauira, 0.95) — Te take matua: Te pikinga o te AVR kāore i te ōrite, me ngā tautuhinga ngaohiko kore-kawenga kāore i te ōrite.
• Āhuatanga 2: Te wiri o ngā ngaohiko ā-wā me te nekehanga o te mana tauhohe whakamuri me te whakamua i muri i te hononga whatunga — Take matua: Te tauwehenga heke tata ki te kore (kāore he heke), te heke kino, te pūnaha whakaoho kore pumau rānei.
• Āhuatanga 3: Te motumotu pinepine o ngā pana hiko-tiketike, te pāmahana nui rawa o te stator, me te whakaoho wera rawa o te AVR — Te take matua: Te nui rawa o te iahiko e rere ana i te mana tauhohe, te taumaha rawa o te mana tauhohe o tētahi waeine, te rahunga rānei o te PT/CT.
• Āhuatanga 4: Whai muri i te hononga whatunga ki te hiko ā-tāone, he kino te mana tauhohe o te huinga whakaputa hiko tīhi (he mana tauhohe e mimiti ana) ā, ko te tauwehenga mana kei te ārahi — Take matua: He iti iho te tautuhinga ngaohiko o te huinga whakaputa hiko tīhi i te ngaohiko whatunga, he iti rawa te hekenga, he kore rānei e ranea te whakaoho.

IV. Ngā Otinga Whaihua i te Papaanga

Mā te arotahi ki te raruraru o te tohatoha mana tauhohe mō ngā huinga whakaputa hiko tīhiera ngaohiko teitei e hono ana ki te whatunga hiko, me te wheako mahi ā-papa, ka taea e tātou te tīmata mai i ngā taha e toru: te whakatikatika i mua i te hononga whatunga, te whakatikatika i muri i te hononga whatunga, me te whakahaere motuhake ki te ngaohiko teitei hei whakarite i te tohatoha mana tauhohe tika me te mahi pumau o te pūnaha.

1. Hononga i mua i te whatunga: Whakahaerehia te Whakatikatika i te Taurite o ngā Tawhā

Ko te whakatikatika tawhā i mua i te hononga whatunga te pūtake mō te karo i ngā raruraru tohatoha mana tauhohe. E toru ngā kaupapa matua me arotahi ki: tuatahi, te tautuhinga whakaheke AVR. Ko te tauwehenga whakaheke o ngā waeine he rite te kaha ka whakahaeretia i te 2%–5% (4%) tikanga, ā, he tino ōrite ngā waeine katoa; mō ngā waeine he rerekē ngā kaha, ka whakatakotoria te tauwehenga whakaheke ki te ōwehenga whakamuri ki te kaha (). Hei tauira, ka whakatakotoria he waeine 1000kVA ki te 4%, ā, ka whakatakotoria he waeine 500kVA ki te 8%. Tuarua, te whakatikatika ngaohiko kore-kawenga. Ko te ngaohiko tuarua o te PT i te taha ngaohiko teitei ka whakakotahi (hei tauira, 100V), ā, ko te rerekētanga o te ngaohiko kore-kawenga AVR ka whakahaeretia i roto i te ±0.5%. Tuatoru, te tirotiro PT/CT. Tirohia mēnā he tika te ōwehenga whakawhiti, te polarity me te raupapatanga ā-wāhanga, kia pono te whenua o te ara iahiko tuarua, ā, kia tino āraia te whakatuwheratanga ara iahiko tuarua CT.

2. Hononga Whai muri i te whatunga: Te Whakatikatika Tika i te Tohatoha Mana Tauhohe

I muri i te hononga whatunga, me whai i te kaupapa o te "whakaū i te mana hohe i te tuatahi, kātahi ka whakarerekē i te mana tauhohe" kia āta whakapai ake ai te tohatoha mana tauhohe: tuatahi, tirohia ngā raraunga mita mana tauhohe, mita tauwehe mana me te mita ngaohiko o ia waeine; ki te mea he nui te mana tauhohe o te waeine (he iti te tauwehe mana), ka taea te whakaiti i te whakaoho o te waeine (he iti ake te uara AVR i hoatu); ki te mea he iti te mana tauhohe (he nui te tauwehe mana), ka taea te whakanui ake i te whakaoho o te waeine. Ko te whāinga matua ko te whakatutuki i te tohatoha mana tauhohe i runga i te ōwehenga ki te kaha, me te hapa tohatoha e whakahaeretia ana i roto i te ±10% (e rite ana ki te paerewa GB/T 2820), te rerekētanga ngaohiko ≤±5%, me te pupuri i te tauwehe mana i te 0.8–0.9 whakaroa. Ki te whakaaetia e ngā āhuatanga, ka taea te tahuri i te mahi tohatoha kawenga aunoa AVR (te utu raina taurite/te utu iahiko e rere ana). Mō ngā waeine ngaohiko teitei, ko ngā raina taurite DC (o te tauira kotahi) te whakahaere whakaheke mana tauhohe rānei te mea pai hei whakapai ake i te tika o te whakarerekētanga.

3. Te Whakahaere ā-Ngaohiko-Tiketike: Te Whakapakari i te Tiaki me te Āraitanga

E ai ki ngā āhuatanga o ngā waeine ngaohiko-tiketike, me whai atu i ētahi atu mahi hei pehi i te au rere me te whakarei ake i te whakamarumaru: tāutahia he taputapu aroturuki me te tiaki i te au rere taha ngaohiko-tiketike, ka taea te whakatūpato i te whakaroa, te hinga rānei ina nui ake te au rere i te paerewa (neke atu i te 5% o te au kua whakatauria) hei karo i te kino o ngā taputapu; ko ngā ara iahiko whakaoho ngaohiko-tiketike, ngā taputapu AVR me ngā taura hono ka whakamahi i te taumata whakamarumaru F, neke atu rānei, ā, ka whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau ngaohiko tu atu i ia wā hei tirotiro i ngā tūponotanga huna o te whakamarumaru; me ngana ngā huinga whakaputa hiko tīhi ngaohiko-tiketike ki te whakamahi i te aratau whakaoho me te tauira AVR kotahi hei karo i ngā āhuatanga o waho kāore i te ōrite i puta mai i te whakaranu.

V. Ngā Herenga Paerewa me ngā Whakaaro Pakihi

E ai ki te paerewa ā-motu GB/T 2820, me tutuki i te tohatoha mana tauhohe o ngā huinga whakaputa hiko tīhiera ngaohiko teitei e hono ana ki te whatunga ngā rohe e whai ake nei: te hapa tohatoha mana tauhohe, ≤±10% mō ngā waeine o te kaha ōrite, ≤±10% mō ngā waeine nui me te ≤±20% mō ngā waeine iti o ngā kaha rerekē; ka whakahaeretia te tere whakahaere ngaohiko (hekenga) i te 2%–5% (hekenga pai), ā, ka āraia te mahi whakarara tika me te kore he hekenga, he hekenga kino rānei; te iahiko e rere ana ≤5% o te iahiko whakatauranga, me tino whakahaeretia mō ngā waeine ngaohiko teitei.

I te taha o ngā tau o te wheako ahumahi, ka tūtohu mātou kia tino whai ngā umanga i ngā mātāpono o te "whakatikatika i mua i te hononga whatunga, te aroturuki i muri i te hononga whatunga me te tiaki auau" ina whakamahia ngā huinga whakaputa hiko tīhiera ngaohiko teitei: arotahi ki te whakatikatika i te tauwehenga whakaheke, te ngaohiko kore-kawenga me ngā tawhā PT/CT i mua i te hononga whatunga; aroturuki wā-tūturu i te tohatoha mana tauhohe, te iahiko hurihuri me te pāmahana taputapu i muri i te hononga whatunga; kimihia me te pupuri i te pūnaha whakaoho me te mahi whakamahana i ia wā hei karo i ngā hapa e pā ana ki te tohatoha mana tauhohe mai i te pūtake me te whakarite kia pumau te mahi o te waeine me te whatunga hiko.

Mena ka tūtaki koe ki ngā raruraru motuhake i roto i te tohatoha mana tauhohe o ngā huinga whakaputa hiko tīhiera ngaohiko teitei e hono ana ki te whatunga, ka taea e koe te whakapā atu ki tā mātou tīma hangarau, ā, mā mātou e whakarato he aratohu me ngā otinga takitahi ki te papaanga.