Hei taputapu tuku hiko whakauru me te modular, ko tewae ipu ngaohiko teiteiHe whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te hanga ahumahi, te tuku hiko ohorere, te tuku hiko i ngā wāhi tūmatanui me ētahi atu āhuatanga nā te mea he ngāwari te tāutanga, he kaha te tiaki me te whānui o te urutau. I roto i ēnei, ko te tauira 10.5kV te whirihoranga noa i roto i ngā tono hangarau o nāianei, ā, ka taea hoki te urutau ngāwari ki ngā whakaritenga taumata ngaohiko rerekē pērā i te 6.3kV, 6kV me te 11kV. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga te whirihoranga hiko katoa o te waeine ipu ngaohiko-tiketike, tae atu ki te pūnaha matua, ngā whakaurunga āwhina, ngā taurangi haumaru me ngā paerewa whakatinanatanga, e whakarato ana i te tohutoro hangarau whānui mō te kōwhiringa, te tāutanga me te whakahaere me te tiaki i te waeine.
Ko te whirihoranga hiko o te waeine ipu ngaohiko-tiketike e ahu mai ana i ngā tawhā whakatauranga, e tautuhi ana i te whānuitanga me te paearu whakahaere e tika ana mō te waeine. Ko te ngaohiko whakatauranga o te waeine he 10.5kV (ngaohiko raina), e whakamahi ana i te aratau tuku hiko 50Hz toru-wāhanga, ko te mana whakatauranga noa e kapi ana i te 800kW ~ 3000kW, ā, ko te tere whakatauranga e mau tonu ana i te 1500rpm hei whakarite i te haere tonu me te pumau o te tuku hiko. Ka whakamahia e te whakaputa hiko he aratau hononga-Y toru-wāhanga, ā, ko te pūwāhi kūpapa e whakapūmauhia ana mā te ātete NGR, e whakawhāiti ana i te iahiko hapa whenua me te whakarite i te haumaru o te pūnaha; ka tae te akomanga whakamarumaru ki te Akomanga H, ā, ka aromatawaihia te pikinga pāmahana e ai ki te Akomanga F, ka taea te urutau ki ngā whakaritenga whakahaere i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua; mō te akomanga tiaki, ko te whakaputa hiko he IP23, ā, ko te tinana matua o te ipu he IP54/IP55, ka taea te ātete pai ki te urunga mai o te puehu o waho, te wai ua me ētahi atu poke, ā, he pai mō te tāutanga me te whakamahinga o waho me ngā taiao uaua.
Ko te pūnaha whakaputa hiko matua te uho o te pūtake hiko o te waeine, ā, ko tōna whirihoranga te mea e whakatau tika ana i te kounga o te pūtake hiko me te pono o te mahi. Ko te wāhanga matua o tēnei pūnaha he whakaputa hiko tukutahi kore paraihe, ka taea te whiriwhiri hei momo whāngai kotahi, whāngai takirua rānei i runga i ngā whakaritenga. Ko te waitohu he pai ake ki ngā waitohu rongonui o te ao pēnei i a Stamford, Leroy Somer me Meccalte, ngā hua raupapa ngaohiko teitei ā-rohe rānei me te mahi ōrite. Ko te tikanga whakaoho e whakamahi ana i te whakaoho aukume tuturu PMG me te AVR mamati. Ehara i te mea he tino pai te kaha ārai-whakarerekētanga o tēnei whirihoranga, engari ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i te whakahaere ngaohiko tika, i roto i ēnei ko te tere whakahaere ngaohiko pumau he ≤±0.25%, ā, ko te kaha whakaoho kaha ka eke ki te 10s 300% te taumaha, kia mau tonu ai te pumau o te ngaohiko i te wā e rerekē ana te kawenga. I taua wā anō, ko te tere whakapōturi o te ngaohiko whakaputa hiko he ≤3% (ngā āhuatanga kore-kawenga me te haurua-kawenga), ko te ātete whakamatao makariri (15–35℃) he ≥2MΩ, ā, ka taea e te ngaohiko ātete auau mana te tu atu i te 1min 42kV (ki te whenua), e tutuki katoa ana i ngā whakaritenga whakamatao me te ātete ngaohiko o ngā taputapu ngaohiko teitei. Hei whakarite anō i te haumaru o te pūnaha, kua rite te waeine ki tētahi kāpata whenua pūwāhi kūpapa (NGR), kei roto ko ngā ātete whenua, ngā whakawhiti iahiko, ngā taputapu tiaki hapa whenua, ngā pana wehe, ngā rama tohu me ētahi atu wāhanga. Ko tana mahi matua he whakawhāiti i te iahiko hapa whenua, he pehi i te ngaohiko nui rawa atu, me te whakahaere i te whakapōturi whiriwhiri o te pūnaha tiaki whakawhiti hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whānui o te hapa.
Ko te pūnaha pana hiko me te tohatoha hiko ngaohiko teitei he hononga matua i roto i te tuku me te tohatoha o te hiko o te waeine, tae atu ki te taputapu pana hiko ngaohiko teitei, te kāpata PT me te kāpata whakarara (kua whirihorahia ina he maha ngā waeine e whakarara ana). I roto i ēnei, ko te taputapu pana hiko ngaohiko teitei, hei kāpata putanga hiko whakaputa hiko, he pakaru hiko korehau (VCB) hei wāhanga matua, me te ngaohiko kua whakatauria o te 12kV me te kaha pakaru o te ≥25kA, ka taea te tapahi pono i te iahiko hapa me te whakarite i te haumaru o te pūnaha. Kei te kāpata he akomanga ine me te tiaki (5P20) CT/PT, ko te whakatakotoranga PT ko te 10.5kV/0.1kV, e whakamahia ana mō te ine ngaohiko, te whakahaere tukutahi me te tiaki ngaohiko nui/ngaohiko iti; i te wa ano, kei te rite ki te aukati konutea 10kV hei tiaki pai i te kaihanga hiko me te whakawhiti matua mai i te pānga ngaohiko nui. Hei tāpiritanga, he mahi tiaki ara iahiko poto, taumaha me te hapa whenua anō hoki kei te taputapu whakawhiti, e tautoko ana i ngā mahi whakatuwhera me te kati ā-ringa me te hiko, ā, he taputapu tohu tūranga me te raka hiko hei ārai i te mahi hē. He whirihoranga whiriwhiri te kāpata PT, ko tana mahi matua he whakarato tohu ngaohiko, tohu tukutahi, tuku hiko taputapu me ngā pūtake ngaohiko tiaki mō te pūnaha, kia mau tonu ai te mahi noa o te pūnaha whakahaere me te tiaki. Ina hiahiatia he maha ngā waeine kia whakarara, me whai kāpata whakarara. Ka whakauruhia e te kāpata ngā taputapu tukutahi aunoa me ngā taputapu tukutahi ā-ringa, he mahi raka rerekētanga auau, rerekētanga ngaohiko me te rerekētanga koki ā-wāhanga, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i te tiritiri mana tauhohe aunoa me te mana hohe i waenga i ngā waeine, kia mau tonu ai te pumau me te ōhanga o te mahi whakarara.
Ko te pūnaha whakahaere me te tiaki te "roro" mō te whakahaere haumaru me te whai hua o te waeine, e kapi ana i ngā waeine e toru: te kaiwhakahaere waeine, te tiaki whakawhiti ngaohiko teitei me te aroturuki ā-rohe/mamao. Ko te mea pai ko te whiriwhiri i ngā waitohu rongonui pēnei i a Deepsea DSE7320 me ComAp, ngā hua ā-rohe rānei he rite te mahi. He mahi tīmatanga/mutu aunoa me te AMF (whakawhiti aunoa ina ngaro te hiko matua), ā, ka taea te aroturuki i ngā tawhā whakahaere matua pēnei i te pāmahana wai, te pēhanga hinu, te tere, te ngaohiko, te iahiko, te auau me te mana i te wā tūturu. I te wa ano, ka whakauruhia e ia ngā mahi tiaki maha pēnei i te ngaohiko nui/ngaohiko iti, te auau nui/ngaohiko iti, te iahiko nui, te ara iahiko poto, te tere nui, te pāmahana wai teitei me te pēhanga hinu iti. Ka taea e ia te tuhi aunoa i ngā mōhiohio hapa me ngā huihuinga hītori, me te tautoko i te whakawhitiwhiti mamao RS485/Ethernet, e whakarato ana i te whai wāhitanga mō te whakahaere me te tiaki. Ko te parenga whakawhiti hiko-tiketike he taputapu parenga rorohiko iti, he mea whakarite ki ngā mahi parenga katoa, tae atu ki te parenga rerekētanga whakaputa hiko, te parenga pakaru tere/auau tere, te parenga hapa whenua (CT raupapa-kore taha NGR), te parenga ngaohiko tere/ngaohiko iti, te parenga auau tere/auau iti me te parenga hiko whakamuri (ina honoa ana ki te whatunga). Ka taea e ia te urupare tere ki ngā hapa, te tapahi i te ara iahiko hapa i te wā tika, me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te kino o ngā taputapu. Mō te aroturuki, ka whakamahia he huinga o ngā tikanga ā-rohe me ngā tikanga mamao. I te rohe, ko te papa whakahaere ngaohiko teitei me te papa whakahaere ngaohiko iti kei waenganui i te taha kotahi o te ipu, e whakahaere ana i te mahi me te aroturuki i te papaanga; mamao, e tautoko ana i ngā kawa whakawhitiwhiti MODBUS TCP/4G/5G, ā, ka taea te hono atu ki te pūnaha SCADA, ki te tūāpapa kapua rānei hei whakatutuki i te aroturuki mamao wā-tūturu o te mana whakahaere o te waeine, te whakatikatika tawhā me te whakatūpato hapa wawe, te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi me te tiaki.
Mā te pūnaha hiko āwhina iti-ngaohiko ka whakamanahia te mahi noa o te waeine, tae atu ki te kāpata tohatoha hiko iti-ngaohiko AC400V me te pūnaha DC24V DC. Ko te nuinga o te wā, mā te kāpata tohatoha hiko iti-ngaohiko ka tukuna te hiko ki ngā taputapu āwhina, tae atu ki ngā taputapu ārai-huka me te ātete-makuku pērā i ngā whakamahana koti wai, ngā whakamahana wāhi me ngā whakamahana tango makuku, ngā taputapu whakahaere taiao me ngā taputapu hiko āwhina pērā i te rama ipu, ngā putanga hiko, ngā pā hau me ngā ārai hiko, tae atu ki ngā taputapu haumaru me te whakahaere pērā i ngā rihi, ngā puna hiko whakahaere me ngā taputapu kite ahi/paoa; kei te kāpata he MCCB, ngā pakaru hiko iti, ngā taputapu tiaki turuturu, ngā rama tohu, ngā mita ngaohiko/mita āmipere, me ētahi atu, hei whakarite i te haumaru me te pumau o te puna hiko āwhina. Ko te pūnaha DC24V DC, hei pūtake hiko ohorere me te whakahaere o te waeine, e whakamahi ana i ngā pākahiko rokiroki waikawa-mata, pāmahana-iti rānei 24V kore-tiaki me te kaha o te 150–200Ah, ā, he rihi taurite/whakatere atamai kei roto me te ngaohiko whakauru o te AC400V, ka taea te whakahaere aunoa i te utu me te tukunga o ngā pākahiko rokiroki; i te wa ano, he pana wehe pākahiko (ka taea te raka), he taputapu aroturuki fiusi me te whakamarumaru hei whakarite i te pono me te haumaru o te pūnaha DC, me te karo i te pānga o te rahunga o te pūtake hiko DC ki te tīmatanga me te mahi noa o te waeine.
Ko te pūnaha whakaoho me te AVR te pūnaha matua āwhina hei whakarite i te pumau o te ngaohiko whakaputa hiko, e mahi tahi ana me te pūnaha whakaputa hiko matua. Ka whakamahia e te waeine te aratau whakaoho kore paraihe PMG (whiringa paerewa). Ki te whakatauritea ki te aratau whakaoho tuku iho, he kaha te ārai-whakapohehe, he pono te mahi tīmatanga me te watea o te tiaki, ā, ka taea te urutau ki ngā hiahia o ngā āhuatanga kawenga rerekē. Hei matua whakahaere o te pūnaha whakaoho, ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere ngaohiko aunoa mamati (AVR) te whakatinana i te whakahaere ngaohiko aunoa hei whakarite i te pumau o te ngaohiko putanga whakaputa hiko, engari ka tautoko hoki i te mana tauhohe/mana tauwehe me te tiritiri mana tauhohe i te wā mahi whakarara, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te tuku hiko me te ōhanga mahi o te waeine.
Ko te taura, te pae pahi me te pūnaha whenua te "toto toto" o te whirihoranga hiko, e pā tika ana ki te haumaru me te pono o te tuku hiko. Ka tīpakohia e te taura ngaohiko teitei te taura matua parahi ātete-mura YJV22-8.7/10kV, e whakamahia ana mō te tuku hiko i waenga i te whakaputa hiko, te kāpata ngaohiko teitei me te kāpata NGR, ā, he āhuatanga o te ātete mura, te ātete pāmahana me te ātete waikura; ka tīpakohia e te taura ngaohiko iti te whakatakotoranga ZR-YJV 0.6/1kV, ā, ka tīpakohia e te taura whakahaere te taura parepare ZR-KVV/KYJVP, he ātete hinu, he ātete wera me te kaha ārai-whakararuraru, e whakarite ana i te tuku pumau o ngā tohu whakahaere me te hiko hiko ngaohiko iti. Ka whakamahia e te kāpata ngaohiko teitei te pae pahi parahi (TMY) me te maimoatanga whakaheke wera whakamarumaru hei whakapai ake i te mahi whakamarumaru me te ārai i ngā hapa porowhita poto. Mō te pūnaha whenua, me whenua pono te anga ipu (kaua e iti iho i te 2 ngā wāhi), ā, me hono ngā taputapu hiko katoa pēnei i te pūwāhi korekore o te whakaputa hiko, te kāpata ngaohiko-tiketike, te kāpata NGR me te kāpata ngaohiko-iti ki tētahi whatunga whenua kotahi. Me ≤4Ω te ātete whenua, e tuku pai ana i te iahiko hapa, ā, e whakarite ana i te haumaru o ngā taputapu me ngā kaimahi.
He mea nui te pūnaha haumaru me te raka mō te whakahaere o te waeine, e whakakore ana i ngā tūponotanga haumaru mā roto i ngā mahi tiaki maha. Ka taea e te taputapu raka tatau ngaohiko teitei te mahi i te mahi whakaweto, te raka rānei ina whakatuwheratia te tatau, ka ārai i ngā tāngata kei uru hē ki te rohe ngaohiko teitei, ā, ka puta he aituā ru hiko; ka taea e te taputapu raka hiko te ārai i ngā mahi hē pēnei i te kati me te kati maripi whenua me te hiko, hei whakarite i te haumaru o ngā taputapu; ka whakamahia e te taputapu aukati ohorere he aratau whakahaere e toru-ara o te mīhini, te papa whakahaere me te mana mamao, ka taea te whakamutu tere i te mīhini mēnā he hapa ohorere, ka whakaitihia te ngaronga o ngā hapa; i te wa ano, ka whakairihia ngā tohu haumaru pēnei i te tūponotanga ngaohiko teitei, te kore kati, ngā tohu whenua me ngā rama whakatūpato ki runga i te ipu me ngā taputapu hiko hei whakamahara i ngā tāngata kia aro ki te haumaru.
Hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whaiaro o ngā āhuatanga rerekē, ka whakaratohia hoki e te waeine he maha ngā whirihoranga kōwhiringa. Mena e tika ana kia whakamahia he waeine iti-ngaohiko hei tuku hiko piki-ake, ka taea te whirihora i tētahi whakawhiti momo pouaka 400V→10.5kV; mena e tika ana kia whakatinanahia te whakawhiti aunoa i waenga i te hiko matua me te waeine, ka taea te whakataurite i tētahi taputapu whakawhiti hiko ATS/rua; mena e tika ana kia whakapai ake i ngā āheinga whakahaere me te tiaki mamao, ka taea te whirihora i tētahi pouaka aroturuki mamao, e whakauru ana i ngā mahi 4G/5G, GPS me te tūāpapa kapua; hei whakapakari i te haumaru ahi, ka taea te whirihora i tētahi pūnaha tiaki ahi heptafluoropropane/aerosol, e whakataurite ana ki ngā pūoko paoa me te pāmahana; mō ngā hiahia haruru me te whakamahana wera, ka taea te whakamahi i te whakamahana huruhuru toka paparua-paparanga, te whakakore haruru hau me te putanga hau me ngā kati hiko hei whakaiti i te haruru mahi a te waeine me te urutau ki ngā taiao pāmahana iti.
Ko te whirihoranga hiko o te waeine ipu ngaohiko-tiketike e tino whai ana i ngā paerewa ā-motu me te ao e tika ana hei whakarite i te kounga o ngā taputapu me te haumaru o te mahi. Ko ngā paerewa whakatinanatanga noa ko te GB/T 2820 "Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Driven Alternating Current Generating Sets", GB/T 1029 "Test Methods for Three-Phase Synchronous Machines", GB 50149 "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Busbar Installation in Electrical Installation Engineering", GB 50217 "Code for Design of Power Engineering Cables" me te IEC 60034 "Rotating Electrical Machines". Ka tutuki i ngā whirihoranga katoa ngā whakaritenga paerewa, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia tuku hiko o ngā āhuatanga hangarau rerekē.
Wā tuku: Mei-15-2026
